La fístula obstétrica: una visión transcultural y con perspectiva de género

Andrea Monge Quinta; Almudena Arroyo Rodríguez

doi:10.14198/cuid.26253

Autores/as

Andrea Monge Quinta Semillero de Investigación José Bueno O.H. Centro Universitario de Enfermería "San Juan de Dios", Universidad de Sevilla, España https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8393-7859
Almudena Arroyo Rodríguez Centro de Enfermería "San Juan de Dios", Bormujos. Centro adscrito a la Universidad de Sevilla., España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/cuid.26253

Palabras clave:

Fístula vesicovaginal, fístula rectovaginal, fístula obstétrica, países en desarrollo

Resumen

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la producción científica actual sobre la fístula obstétrica desde una perspectiva de género.

Metodología: Revisión de la literatura en Scopus, Dialnet Plus, PubMed, ERIC + PsycINFO, Cinahl, Cochrane, CUIDEN Plus y SciELO. Criterios de inclusión/exclusión: artículos a texto completo, publicados desde 2005 hasta 2022, en inglés y/o español. Se encontraron 60 documentos de los cuales se seleccionaron 49 para incluir en la revisión.

Conclusiones: La fístula obstétrica es una de las lesiones más trágicas que pueden ocurrir durante el parto. Se trata de la presencia de un orificio entre la vagina y la vejiga y/o el recto y afecta principalmente a mujeres y niñas en países subdesarrollados. Tiene graves consecuencias físicas, psicológicas y sociales; haciéndolas víctimas de una severa discriminación por parte de sus comunidades. Se ha demostrado que la mutilación genital femenina predispone a las mujeres a padecer fístula obstétrica, perpetuando la desigualdad de género en salud. Existe una importante demora en la búsqueda de ayuda sanitaria y, aunque la reparación es posible, son pocas las mujeres que conocen la existencia de una cura.

Citas

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